金陽光電纜應該怎么分呢

眾(zhong)所周知(zhi)電纜的分類有很多，其(qi)中簡(jian)單(dan)的一種(zhong)分法就是按高壓和(he)低壓來(lai)區分，那(nei)么這兩種(zhong)電纜應該怎么分呢(ni)？

中壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級在(zai)3kV伏及以(yi)上至35KV統稱中壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。主要用(yong)途(tu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)力部(bu)門(men)用(yong)于(yu)輸(shu)送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)力，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變換(huan)之用(yong)。一般常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)遠距離輸(shu)送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)力， 變電(dian)(dian)站電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級變換(huan)。我們常(chang)見常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級都(dou)在(zai)220KV以(yi)下(xia)。遠距離輸(shu)送(song)(song)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級都(dou)是(shi)高(gao)壓(ya)。都(dou)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)力部(bu)門(men)指定專門(men)電(dian)(dian)力工(gong)人施(shi)工(gong)、 專門(men)維(wei)護。對這方(fang)面的(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)許多人都(dou)不(bu)太清(qing)楚的(de)(de)。

低(di)壓(ya)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)耐壓(ya)450V/750V以下的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣裝(zhuang)備用(yong)(yong)途廣分(fen)類也(ye)很多(duo)。一般工業(ye)用(yong)(yong)塑料(liao)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜用(yong)(yong)于(yu)固(gu)定敷設(she)。移動用(yong)(yong)橡(xiang)套低(di)壓(ya)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)纜。 建筑安裝(zhuang)主要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)源總電(dian)(dian)路、各干支、分(fen)支路的(de)(de)敷設(she)。也(ye)有用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)梯安裝(zhuang)的(de)(de)特種扁形電(dian)(dian)梯電(dian)(dian)纜。

那(nei)么這兩種在(zai)結構上有什(shen)么不同呢？

首先(xian)可以看結構：高壓(ya)電(dian)纜層(ceng)數多，剝開外(wai)層(ceng)里(li)面(mian)還(huan)有鎧(kai)裝、屏蔽層(ceng)、絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)、導(dao)(dao)體等。低壓(ya)電(dian)纜一般撥開外(wai)層(ceng)，里(li)面(mian)就是絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)或(huo)者導(dao)(dao)線。

其次，高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)比較(jiao)厚，低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)比較(jiao)薄。低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)在3毫米(mi)以內，高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)纜絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)在5毫米(mi)以上。

可以看電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)外(wai)層的(de)銘牌。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)外(wai)層上一般都印(yin)刷了電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)相關參數，其中就包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)型號、截面積、額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、長(chang)度等參數。

很(hen)多低壓電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)都(dou)沒有添加(jia)鋼(gang)帶，考慮到機械強(qiang)度問題，亞(ya)洲電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的VV聚氯(lv)乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和YJV交聯聚乙(yi)烯電(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)等都(dou)可以通過加(jia)裝鋼(gang)帶、鎧裝等， 以承受更(geng)強(qiang)的機械外(wai)力(li)(li)作用(yong)，增強(qiang)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的使用(yong)壽命(ming)。

高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)和(he)(he)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)主要(yao)的區(qu)別就是，高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)比(bi)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)多(duo)了(le)半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)層(ceng)(ceng)。所以高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)比(bi)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)要(yao)厚的多(duo)，并且結構復雜，工藝(yi)要(yao)求也高(gao)(gao)。 內半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)層(ceng)(ceng)主要(yao)作用是改(gai)善電場效(xiao)應，由于高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電纜(lan)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)有(you)空隙，容(rong)易產生(sheng)局(ju)(ju)部放電破壞絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)。為了(le)改(gai)善這一情況，所以在金(jin)屬導體(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he) 絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)加一層(ceng)(ceng)半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)材料的屏蔽層(ceng)(ceng)，起(qi)一個過(guo)渡作用。外半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)內半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)層(ceng)(ceng)作用一樣，它的作用是避免(mian)絕(jue)緣(yuan)層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)金(jin)屬護(hu)套之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)產生(sheng)局(ju)(ju)部放電。